Tiger Head Jasmine: Basics, Types & Care

The Grand Duke of Tuscany, also known as the Tiger Head Jasmine (Jasminum sambac ‘Grand Duke of Tuscany’), is a unique cultivar of jasmine belonging to the Oleaceae family. This variety is renowned for its genetic instability, making it prone to mutations. It falls under the category of double or multiple-petaled jasmines, along with the Pearl and Chrysanthemum Jasmine varieties.

The Tiger Head Jasmine is characterized by its delicate nature, particularly in its branches, which are highly susceptible to damage or death from cutting. This sensitivity makes cultivation and care quite challenging. It’s important to note that this species is primarily grown for ornamental purposes and is not suitable for commercial cultivation in gardens or fields.

Soil Requirements and Care

Tiger Head Jasmine demands high-quality soil for optimal growth. The ideal soil mixture should include:

• Loose, well-draining components such as crushed pine needles and wood chips
• Garden soil for nutrient content
• A substantial amount of decomposed leaf mold for organic matter

The overall soil composition should ensure excellent drainage and maintain a slightly acidic pH. This acid-loving plant thrives in soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 6.5.

Common Varieties

Tiger Head Jasmine (Grand Duke of Tuscany)

• Flowers typically have over 50 petals
• Leaves usually arranged in threes, but can mutate to 4-8 leaves
• Highly susceptible to diseases and fungal attacks
• Challenging to cultivate; propagation through cuttings in high temperature and humidity

Chrysanthemum Jasmine

• Higher disease resistance
• New branches have a purple hue
• Robust leaves
• Flowers bloom like chrysanthemums with outward-curving petals
• Most vigorous among double-petaled jasmines
• Elliptical flower buds, similar in size to Pearl Jasmine

Pearl Jasmine

• Round, opposite leaves
• Thick, cabbage-like buds
• Flowers unfold layer by layer, resembling a lotus
• Unopened center resembles a pearl

Habitat and Lifestyle

The Tiger Head Jasmine requires specific care to thrive:

1. Soil: Use a well-draining, slightly acidic soil mix as described earlier.
2. Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Allow the top inch of soil to dry between waterings.
3. Fertilizing:
   • During the growing season (spring and summer), feed weekly with diluted fermented rice water.
   • Mix fermented rice water with ferrous sulfate to maintain soil acidity.
   • Apply fertilizer in thin, frequent layers rather than heavy applications.
   • Fertilize when the potting soil is slightly dry.
4. Light: Provide bright, indirect light. Morning sun and afternoon shade are ideal.
5. Temperature: Maintain temperatures between 60-75°F (15-24°C). Protect from cold drafts and temperatures below 50°F (10°C).
6. Humidity: High humidity is preferred. Use a pebble tray or room humidifier if needed.
7. Pruning:
   • Avoid cutting leafless branches or those with fewer leaves.
   • Prune older branches and pinch back early to prevent stem hollowing and promote branching.
   • Always use clean, sharp pruning tools to minimize damage.
8. Winter Care: Reduce watering and fertilizing. Occasional application of diluted fermented rice water mixed with ferrous sulfate can maintain soil acidity and iron content.

By providing these specific care requirements, you can cultivate this challenging but rewarding jasmine variety, enjoying its unique, multi-petaled blooms and delightful fragrance.